随着环境的恶化和能源危机,太阳能、风能等可持续能源的存储和利用变得迫在眉睫.电化学储能(EES)装置作为有效存储这些新兴能源的手段,受到越来越多的关注.电极材料对EES的性能至关重要,碳基纳米材料因其独特而突出的优势成为极有前途的电极材料.电极材料的结构设计和可控合成决定了EES的电化学性能.围绕碳基纳米材料独特而突出的优势,本文综述和讨论了不同维度碳基材料的研究进展,并介绍了近年来碳基材料在不同储能器件中的应用.这有助于深入理解材料不同维度结构与电化学特性之间的关系,为应用于EES器件性能优异的碳基纳米材料的设计和合成提供了视角和参考.“,”Because of damage to the environment and the energy crisis, the storage and use of sustainable energy, such as solar and wind, has become urgent. Much attention has been given to the use of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices in storing this energy. Electrode materials are critical to the performance of these devices, and carbon-based nanomaterials have become extremely promising components because of their unique and outstanding advantages. The structure design and controllable synthesis of electrode materials determine the electrochemical performance of EES to a large extent. In this review, strategies for carbon-based materials of different dimensionalities are summarized and their uses in different EES devices are given, providing an in-depth understanding of the relationship between material structure and electrochemical performance. Prospects for the design and synthesis of carbon-based nanomaterials with exceptional performance for EES devices are given.