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一、前言 Goldsmith和Cox(1967)介绍了一种电解湿度计,这种仪器主要是为测量平流层中大气含水量而设计的;平流层的高度大约为12到30公里,其压力约为200到10毫巴。最近的测量表明,在高空中,水蒸汽对空气的质量混合比(此后称混合比)约为3个ppm的数量级。气象学家对于平流层中的湿度状况,有很大的兴趣;如果有了轻型、可靠而便室的湿度计的话,就可制成常规的载物探测气球。Goldsmith和Cox所提供的实验结果,都是在正常实验室压力下作的,而且其中的许多数据是
I. INTRODUCTION Goldsmith and Cox (1967) introduced an electrolytic hygrometer designed primarily to measure atmospheric moisture in the stratosphere; the height of the stratosphere is about 12 to 30 kilometers and its pressure is about 200 To 10 mbar. Recent measurements show that at high altitude, the mass mixing ratio of water vapor to air (hereinafter referred to as the mixing ratio) is on the order of 3 ppm. Meteorologists are interested in the humidity conditions in the stratosphere, and conventional light-duty detection balloons can be made with a light, reliable, chamber-based hygrometer. The experimental results provided by Goldsmith and Cox are under normal laboratory pressure and many of these data are