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目的初步获得兰州市妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)流行现况。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集兰州市妇幼保健院2015年8月-2016年12月接受产前检查并住院分娩的3563例产妇的一般情况和产检、分娩等临床资料进行统计分析。结果在该地区调查期间,(1)妊娠期糖尿病发病率为3.09%,其中≥30岁产妇GDM发病率为4.52%,<30岁产妇GDM发病率为2.19%,两者比较P<0.05;(2)回族GDM发病率4.32%、汉族3.09%,其他少数民族因数量较少,未发现GDM;(3)GDM产妇产前体重指数(BMI)平均为(29.12±3.90)kg/m~2,同期非GDM产妇产前BMI平均为(26.96±3.50)kg/m~2,两者比较P<0.05;(4)GDM产妇巨大儿出生率为9.09%,同期非GDM产妇巨大儿出生率为4.34%,两者比较P<0.05;(5)GDM产妇胎儿死亡率2.73%,同期非GDM产妇胎儿死亡率0.90%,两者比较P<0.05。结论兰州市妊娠期糖尿病的发病率与国内报道相近,调查期间回族GDM发病率高于本地区GDM平均发病率;年龄、BMI等因素与GDM有一定相关性;GDM致妊娠不良结局增加。应加强妊娠期糖尿病筛查,防治并重,尽早诊断和干预,开展系统管理,做好妇幼保健工作。
Objective To obtain the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Lanzhou. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 3563 maternal women undergoing antenatal examination and hospital delivery from August 2015 to December 2016 in Lanzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital. The clinical data of the maternity and childbirth were collected and analyzed statistically. Results During the survey in the region, (1) the prevalence of gestational diabetes was 3.09%, of which the incidence of GDM was 4.52% in women over 30 years and 2.19% in women <30 years of age, P <0.05; ( 2) The incidence of GDM in Han nationality was 4.32% and that in Han nationality was 3.09%. There was no GDM in other ethnic minorities. (3) The mean prenatal body mass index (BMI) of GDM was (29.12 ± 3.90) kg / m ~ The average prenatal BMI of non-GDM mothers was (26.96 ± 3.50) kg / m 2 in the same period, P <0.05. (4) The birth rate of GDM mothers was 9.09%, and the birth rate of GDM males was 4.34% (P <0.05). (5) Fetal mortality rate in GDM was 2.73% and FMR in non-GDM was 0.90% in the same period (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Lanzhou is similar to that reported in China. The incidence of GDM during the survey period is higher than the average incidence of GDM in Gansu. The age, BMI and other factors have a certain relationship with GDM. Should strengthen the screening of gestational diabetes, both prevention and treatment, diagnosis and intervention as soon as possible, to carry out systematic management, good maternal and child health work.