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胆红素代谢对人体有重要作用,游离型胆红素可自由穿过脂膜和血脑屏障等,产生细胞毒性而引发新生儿核黄疸。胎儿胆红素代谢与成人不同,胎儿期肝脏尚未发育成熟,其体内只有少量胆红素可经肝脏转化为无毒的结合型胆红素,大部分是非结合型胆红素以胆红素-白蛋白复合物的形式溶于血浆中,通过胎盘上的胆红素转运载体运送至母体代谢。当胎儿体内胆红素浓度过高或白蛋白浓度降低等病理情况下,胆红素可从白蛋白结合位点上解离成为游离型胆红素,其可对胎儿产生神经毒性作用,造成胎儿不良结局。
Bilirubin metabolism has an important role on the human body, free bilirubin freely through the lipid membrane and the blood-brain barrier, resulting in cytotoxicity and trigger newborn nuclear jaundice. Fetal bilirubin metabolism and adults are different from the fetal liver has not yet matured, the body only a small amount of bilirubin can be converted into non-toxic liver bilirubin, most of the non-conjugated bilirubin to bilirubin - The albumin complex is dissolved in plasma and delivered to the mother through the bilirubin transporter on the placenta. When the fetal bilirubin concentration is too high or albumin concentration and other pathological conditions, bilirubin can dissociate from the albumin binding site into free bilirubin, which can produce neurotoxic effects on the fetus, resulting in Fetal adverse outcomes.