湖南省城乡、工矿34所医院1年中妊娠≥28周分娩的新生儿36559例,检出畸形421例,其中中枢神经系统出生缺陷64例,发生率为1.75‰,占畸形儿的15.20％,其中以脑积水居多,其次是无脑儿。女性多于男性。以Logistic回归方法进行发生的危险因素分析,主要有化学物质、孕早期发热及服中草药或坠胎药等7个因素。对中枢神经系统出生缺陷的发生率、预防等进行了讨论。 36559 newborns were born in 34 hospitals in urban and rural areas in Hunan Province in one year and were born at 28 weeks of gestation. There were 421 cases of deformities detected, of which 64 cases were born birth defects of central nervous system, the incidence rate was 1.75%, accounting for 15.20% Among them hydrocephalus, followed by no brain children. More women than men. Logistic regression analysis of the risk factors, mainly chemicals, fever in the first trimester and take Chinese herbal medicine or abortion drugs and other seven factors. The incidence of birth defects in the central nervous system, prevention and so on are discussed.