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目的了解高功能孤独症儿童表情面孔工作记忆特点,并探讨其与表情识别能力之间的关系。方法选取19例6.5~12岁高功能孤独症儿童(HFA组)及19例年龄、性别匹配的正常发育儿童(TD组),完成表情面孔延迟样本匹配任务及表情命名任务;比较两组儿童表情面孔工作记忆水平,并进一步分析表情面孔工作记忆与表情识别的相关性。结果与TD组相比,HFA组的总体表情面孔工作记忆正确率较低(76.23%vs 87.29%,P=0.026)、反应时较长(1 488.50ms vs 1 157.40ms,P=0.001),两组儿童高兴面孔工作记忆正确率并无明显差异(P>0.05)。HFA组表情面孔工作记忆正确率与表情命名正确率呈正相关(P<0.05),TD组表情面孔工作记忆反应时与表情命名反应时呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论高功能孤独症儿童存在特定表情面孔工作记忆能力不足;其表情识别能力受损可能与表情面孔工作记忆能力不足有关。
Objective To understand the characteristics of working memory in children with high-functioning autistic children’s facial expression and to explore the relationship between them and the ability of facial expression recognition. Methods Nineteen HFA children aged 6.5-12 years and 19 age- and sex-matched normal children (TD group) were enrolled in this study. The matching task and facial expression naming task of facial expression were completed. Two children’s facial expressions were compared Face working memory level, and further analyze the correlation between working memory and expression recognition of facial expression. Results Compared with TD group, the overall accuracy of working memory in HFA group was lower (76.23% vs 87.29%, P = 0.026), response time was longer (1 488.50ms vs 1 157.40ms, P = 0.001) Group children happy working memory face no difference (P> 0.05). There was a positive correlation between working memory accuracy rate of face expression faces and accuracy of facial expression naming in HFA group (P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between working memory recall of face expression group and naming reaction of facial expression in TD group (P <0.05). Conclusion Children with high-functioning autism have insufficient working memory ability for specific facial expressions. The impairment of facial expression recognition ability may be related to the lack of working memory ability of facial expressions.