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在使用粉末、溶液或气体状态的放射性同位素工作中,除了产生外部照射作用外,这些放射性物质一旦进入人体内部时,同样也能发生作用。许多极为微量的放射性物质进入人体后即对工作人员的健康造成很大的危害。为了使空气内放射性物质的含量不超过规定的最大允许浓度,必需实行一系列的防护措施。而其中最主要的首先是实施放射性实验室的正确设计。设计放射性实验室时,必需注意的几个主要点就是:要防止工作人员受到放射性的损伤;防止同位素的污染以及对污染的消除;防止其它的放射源对测量的影响。
In the use of radioactive isotopes in the form of powders, solutions or gases, these radioactive substances, once exposed to the inside of the body, act in addition to the external irradiation. Many extremely small amounts of radioactive material enter the human body, which seriously jeopardizes the health of workers. In order to make the air content of radioactive substances does not exceed the maximum allowable concentration required, the need to implement a series of protective measures. The most important of these is first of all the correct design of radiology laboratories. Several key points to be aware of when designing radiological laboratories are: preventing workers from being exposed to radioactive damage; preventing isotope contamination and eliminating pollution; and preventing the effects of other sources on the survey.