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氨基糖甙类抗生素,包括链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、新霉素、巴龙霉素等。自1944年链霉素问世以来,因疗效确实,使用面广,发展较为迅速,目前约有五十余种提供临床使用,是极重要的一类抗菌药物。然而,众所周知,对第八对颅神经和肾脏的毒害乃是本类药物的严重缺点,可引起位、听和肾功能障碍。本文就其产生耳聋的病理药理机制作一讨论。第八对颅神经又称位听神经。由听神经(耳蜗支)和前庭神经(前庭支)两部分组成,听神经起于内耳听觉感受器(柯蒂氏器),管理听觉;前庭神经起于内耳平衡感受器,管理平衡觉。两者均经内耳道口入颅,终止于脑桥。
Aminoglycoside antibiotics, including streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, neomycin, paromomycin and so on. Since the advent of streptomycin in 1944, due to the curative effect is indeed widespread, the use of a wide range of rapid development, there are currently about 50 kinds of clinical use, is an extremely important class of antimicrobial drugs. However, it is well-known that the poisoning of the eighth cranial nerve and the kidney is a serious drawback of this class of drugs and can cause positional, auditory and renal dysfunctions. This article discusses the pathological and pharmacological mechanisms of deafness. Eighth cranial nerve, also known as the auditory nerve. By the auditory nerve (cochlear branch) and the vestibular nerve (vestibular branch) composed of two parts, the auditory nerve from the inner ear auditory sensor (Ke Di Shi), management of auditory; vestibular nerves from the inner ear balance receptors, balance management. Both through the ear canal mouth into the skull, ending in the pons.