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南京本文以美国社群主义思潮的代表人物之一迈克尔·桑德尔(Michael J.Sandel)的伦理思想为主要研究对象,从其“共同善”概念的提出过程及其主要特点出发,对比社群主义语境以外的“共同善”相关思想及概念(如功利主义者与自由主义者的观点以及亚里士多德德性伦理学中关于共同体和善的相关思想),进而对桑德尔的“共同善”思想进行阐释,探讨其群体实践基础及个体实践基础,分析其“共同善”对当下政治生活与公共生活的实践意义,进而探索当下公共生活的基本准则。由“共同善”的伦理诉求出发,桑德尔倡导了一种积极的公民观和国家观,他强调公民的道德参与和共同体对公民的道德培养,试图为西方政治自由主义所造成的公共困境提供解决方案。
Nanjing This paper takes the ethical thought of Michael J. Sandel, one of the representative figures of the American communitarianism as the main research object. Starting from the process of its “common good” concept and its main features, Communitarianism outside of the context of “common good” related concepts and concepts (such as utilitarians and liberals and Aristotle ethics in ethics of the good things about community thought), and then mulberry Del ’s “common good” thought, explores the base of his group practice and the foundation of individual practice, analyzes the practical significance of his “common good ” to the current political life and public life, and then explores the basic norms of the present public life. Starting from the ethical appeal of “common good ”, Sandel advocates a positive outlook on citizenship and state. He emphasizes the moral participation of citizens and the moral training of citizens by the community, trying to make public for western political liberalism Dilemma to provide solutions.