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天然气水合物是当前能源与环境领域的研究热点之一,南中国海是天然气水合物赋存的有利区域。天然气水合物的存在改变了沉积地层的声学特征,这一性质使多道地震勘探成为发现海洋天然气水合物的主要手段。本文首先根据地震成像结果定性分析南海可能含天然气水合物沉积地层的地震反射特征,初步确定天然气水合物存在的可能性并指出地震成像关键技术。在无井条件下,构建虚拟井进行波阻抗反演得到定量的地层速度参数进一步证实这一可能性,最后将反演获得的速度场与ODP184 航次在此区域获得的地球物理、地球化学信息综合分析,可以确定此区域天然气水合物的存在及其空间展布。
Gas hydrate is one of the hottest topics in the field of energy and environment. The South China Sea is a favorable area for gas hydrate occurrence. The presence of gas hydrates alters the acoustic characteristics of sedimentary formations, a property that makes multi-channel seismic exploration the primary means of discovering marine gas hydrates. In this paper, we first qualitatively analyze the seismic reflection characteristics of the gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary formations in the South China Sea based on the seismic imaging results and tentatively determine the possibility of gas hydrate and point out the key technologies of seismic imaging. In the absence of wells, constructing a virtual well for inversion of wave impedance to obtain quantitative formation velocity parameters further confirmed this possibility. Finally, the velocity field obtained from the inversion was integrated with the geophysical and geochemical information obtained from the ODP184 voyage Analysis, we can confirm the existence and spatial distribution of gas hydrate in this area.