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目的为探讨麻疹、风疹减毒活疫苗联合免疫的可行性。方法于1997年4～12月随机选择了342名8月龄婴儿进行研究,所有入选婴儿被随机分成3组,第1组105人,皮下接种BRD-Ⅱ株风疹疫苗;第2组105人,分别在左右臂同时皮下接种风疹疫苗和麻疹疫苗;第3组132人,皮下接种沪191株冻干麻疹疫苗。结果在免疫前,第1组与第2组的风疹血凝抑制(HI)抗体阳性率均为2.86％,几何平均滴度(GMI)均为1:1.06,第2组与第3组麻疹HI抗体阳性率分别为2.86％和5.30％,GMT为1:1.02和1:1.60。免疫后1个月,第1组与第2组的风疹HI抗体阳性率分别为98.10％和99.05％,GMT分别为1:144.15和1:148.99。两者的差异无显著的统计学意义。第2组与3组的麻疹HI抗体阳性率分别为99.05％和97.73％,GMT分别为1:35.10和1:32.85,两者的差异亦无显著的统计学意义。所有免疫的儿童均未发现局部和全身反应。结论研究结果表明:风疹、麻疹减毒活疫苗联合免疫可产生与常规免疫相同的免疫应答,风疹疫苗初免月龄定于8月龄与麻疹疫苗联合免疫是可行的。
Objective To explore the feasibility of measles and rubella live attenuated vaccine combined immunization. Methods A total of 342 8-month-old infants were randomly selected from April to December 1997. All selected infants were randomly divided into 3 groups: group 1, group 105, were inoculated subcutaneously with BRD-II strain of rubella vaccine; group 2, group 105, Rubella vaccine and measles vaccine were inoculated subcutaneously in the left and right arms, respectively. In the third group, 132 rabbits were inoculated subcutaneously with 191 strains of freeze-dried measles vaccine. Results Before immunization, the positive rates of rubella hemagglutination inhibition (HI) in group 1 and group 2 were both 2.86%, the geometric mean titers (GMIs) were 1: 1.06, and those in group 2 and group 3 were measles HI The positive rates of antibody were 2.86% and 5.30% respectively, GMT was 1: 1.02 and 1: 1.60. At 1 month after immunization, the positive rates of rubella HI antibodies in group 1 and group 2 were 98.10% and 99.05%, respectively, with GMTs of 1: 144.15 and 1: 148.99, respectively. The difference between the two was not statistically significant. The positive rates of measles HI antibodies in group 2 and group 3 were 99.05% and 97.73%, respectively, with GMTs of 1: 35.10 and 1: 32.85, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. All immunized children found no local and systemic reactions. Conclusions The results showed that combined immunization with live attenuated measles vaccine and measles vaccine could produce the same immune response as conventional immunization. It is feasible to combine immunization with measles vaccine at the age of 8 months for first immunization of rubella vaccine.