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“容忍限度论”是日本学者运用利益衡量理论解决新产生公害问题的产物。其核心在于通过对受害者所遭受侵害的性质、程度以及加害行为的公共性、回避可能性等因素进行综合的利益衡量,得出终局的违法性判断。“环境权论”者对此提出了猛烈的批评。“容忍限度论”者在回击这些批评的同时修正、深化了自己的理论,从而有了很大发展,最终发展成日本学界和实务界的通说。从“容忍限度论”的产生、发展来看,中国民法学研究必须实现从立法论向解释论的转变。就2009年颁布的《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》而言,学界讨论侵权责任问题的方式应及时从立法论转向解释论;在坚持解释论的立场时应采用全面考量各种救济机制的综合视角以及综合衡量各种利益的利益衡量方法。
“Tolerance Limit Theory ” is the product of the Japanese scholars to use the theory of interest measurement to solve the problem of new pollution. The core lies in making a comprehensive judgment of interests through the factors such as the nature and extent of victims’ infringement, publicity of avoidance behaviors and the possibility of avoidance, so as to draw a final judgment of illegality. “Environmental rights theory” who made a fierce criticism. In response to these criticisms, the “tolerance limit theory” revised and deepened their own theories, which greatly improved the development of Japanese scholars and practitioners. From the perspective of the emergence and development of “tolerance limit theory”, the study of Chinese civil law must realize the transformation from legislation to interpretation. As for the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Tort Liability promulgated in 2009, the way the academic circles should discuss the issue of liability for tort should promptly shift from the legislation to the explanation; in adhering to the position of interpretation, the comprehensive perspective of various relief mechanisms should be adopted As well as a comprehensive measure of the interests of various measures of interest.