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所谓非智力因素是指与认识活动有关的智力因素以外的因素。教师的非智力因素主要是指那些在教学中必需的感知、记忆、思维、想象以外的因素,如情感,意志及其个性倾向性、个性心理特征等。 教学是一个由智力和非智力因素构成的系统。教育的产品是人才及其人格。教师的智力因素是必需的,但是,当其超过一定水平之后,也就不再明显地起作用。学生学习不仅仅是知识学习,还有品情的学习和感情的学习。教师的知识会影响学生,教师的言行举止,兴趣爱好等同样会影响学生,而且往往是潜移默化的。因此,教师必须学会在教学中调整非智力因素,特别是学会调整自身情感、言语、风度、仪表及教态等因素。
The so-called non-intellectual factors refers to cognitive activities and other factors other than intelligence. Teachers’ non-intellectual factors mainly refer to those factors other than perception, memory, thinking and imagination necessary in teaching, such as emotion, will and personality tendency, personality psychology and so on. Teaching is a system of intellectual and non-intellectual factors. The product of education is talent and personality. The teacher’s intelligence is necessary, but when it exceeds a certain level, it no longer works clearly. Students learn not only knowledge learning, but also learning and feeling of learning. Teachers ’knowledge will affect students, teachers’ demeanor, hobbies and interests will also affect students, and often imperceptible. Therefore, teachers must learn to adjust non-intelligence factors in teaching, in particular, learn to adjust their emotions, speech, demeanor, instrumentation and teaching and other factors.