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[目的]比较10个水稻品种在3个播种期的器官形态和产量形成差别,并利用温度和日照等变量来预测叶片长度和植株高度等形态变化。[方法]通过连续性观察和破坏性取样,获得并分析Takanari、IR72、Sankeiso、CH86、IR65564-44-2-2、Nipponbare、Takenari、Banten、WAB450-1-B-P-38-HB和武香粳9号等10个品种在2002年5月11日、5月22日和6月19日3个播种期,整个水稻生长季节内的详细器官形态和产量形成数据,这些数据包括叶片长度、节间个数、分蘖数、株高和产量等。[结果]每个节位的最大叶片长度在生长早期逐渐上升,后期逐渐下降;品种CH86和Banten叶片长度分别在4个籼稻品种和6个粳稻品种中最长。品种节间个数和株高随着播种期推迟而减少,其中品种CH86的节间个数和株高最大。10个品种中,武香粳9号籽粒产量最大,籽粒产量、穗数、每穗粒数、千粒重,品种间差异显著,其中籽粒产量变化幅度在4358-7443kg ha-1,穗数变化幅度在158-330×104ha-1。该研究中,未发现籽粒产量与分蘖数和株高之间存在直接关联。[结论]利用本研究所获得的数据构建了叶片长度和株高动态变化等经验回归模型,分析了品种间器官形态和产量形成差异,结果将被用于构建更为机理的模型和进行水稻生产调控。
[Objective] The research aimed to compare the organ morphological and yield formation of 10 rice cultivars at three sowing dates, and predict the morphological changes of leaf length and plant height by using variables such as temperature and sunshine. [Method] Takanari, IR72, Sankeiso, CH86, IR65564-44-2-2, Nipponbare, Takenari, Banten, WAB450-1-BP-38-HB and Wuxiangjing were obtained and analyzed by continuous observation and destructive sampling 9 and other 10 species in the three sowing dates May 11, May 22 and June 19, 2002, the detailed organ morphological and yield formation data throughout the rice growing season, including leaf length, internode Number, tiller number, plant height and yield. [Result] The maximum leaf length of each node increased gradually in the early growth stage and decreased in the late growth stage. The length of CH86 and Banten leaves were the longest among 4 indica rice varieties and 6 japonica rice varieties. The number of internodes and plant height decreased with the sowing date postponed, among which the number of internodes and plant height of breed CH86 were the largest. Among the 10 cultivars, the grain yield of Wuxiangjing 9 was the highest, the grain yield, spike number, grain number per spike, grain weight per 1000 grain weight were significantly different among varieties. The variation range of grain yield was 4358-7443kg ha-1, 158-330 × 104ha-1. In this study, no direct correlation between grain yield and tillering number and plant height was found. [Conclusion] Based on the data obtained in this study, empirical regression models such as leaf length and plant height dynamics were constructed and the differences in morphological and yield formation between varieties were analyzed. The results will be used to construct more mechanistic models and perform rice production Regulation.