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应用空间直观火行为模型模拟大的时空尺度上的林火蔓延过程成为林火管理、规划和科学分析的有效工具。FARSITE(Fire Area Simulator)是一个基于热物理、燃烧学和试验理论为一体的空间直观火行为模型,它集成了现有的地表火、树冠火、飞火和火加速等子模型。FARSITE能够利用GIS和RS提供的空间数据,模拟大时空尺度的林火蔓延,模拟结果能够以地图形式输出,反映林火行为的瞬时状态。本文介绍了FARSITE模型的基本原理、结构和运行机制,并将其应用到丰林自然保护区林火蔓延模拟,以期为国内林火管理和火行为模型的开发提供参考。
Applying the intuitive spatial model of fire behavior to simulate the large-scale forest fire spread process has become an effective tool for forest fire management, planning and scientific analysis. FARSITE (Fire Area Simulator) is a space-based intuitive fire behavior model based on thermophysical, combustion and experimental theory that integrates existing sub-models of surface fire, crown fire, flying fire and fire acceleration. FARSITE can use the spatial data provided by GIS and RS to simulate the spread of forest fires at large spatio-temporal scale. The simulation results can be output as a map to reflect the instantaneous state of forest fire behavior. This paper introduces the basic principle, structure and operation mechanism of FARSITE model, and applies it to the forest fire spread simulation in Fenglin Nature Reserve, in order to provide a reference for the domestic forest fire management and fire behavior model development.