论文部分内容阅读
【Abstract】As a forerunner of Ecoliterature，Thoreau’s ecological ideas nourish this field to a great degree.The present thesis gives a general description of Ecoliteraturefirstly，and thenanalyzes Thoreau’s Walden from ecological perspective of human-and-nature relationship.
【Key words】Thoreau； Walden； Ecoliterature； Human-and-nature Relationship
Walden is a good ecological text.To Thoreau，“Walden is the landscape’s most beautiful and expressive feature.It is earth’s eye.”Walden is a symbol of nature，which has the feature of purity and wildness without human’s exploitation.By the life experience in Walden，Thoreau aims to prove that how simple the life could be and how happy the simple life is.
ⅠThe Content ofEcoliterature
Ecoliturature is thriving but not yet mature.It is a highly comprehensive field and has intimate relationships with modern ecology，environmental ethnic，environmental economics and so on.
Ecoliterature analyzes mainly the man-and–nature relationship.Ecoliterature critics point out that man is not dominator or master of nature.Man could ask for the vital need from nature but has no right to ask for excessive material.Man should learn to appreciate the wild beauty of nature.
Ⅱ An Analysis ofWalden from the Ecological Perspective
Thoreau believes that nature has its own laws，with which nature enables to regulate all beings in a harmonious way.Nature does not authorize mankind to master theecosphere.Human is just one–part of the world rather than the centre of it.Animals，plants and other beings have their own intrinsic value.All beings should coexistharmoniously in nature.
1.Human is a Part of Nature.In Thoreau’s mind，human is a part of nature.In Walden，he expresses this idea clearly in this way，“This is a delicious evening，when the whole body is one sense，and imbibes delight through every pore.I go and come with a strange liberty in Nature，a part of herself.” He has good ways to get close to nature and to be part of it.He walks along the pond or in the woods again and again，he “experienced sometimes that the most sweet and tender，the most innocent and encouraging society may be found in any natural object”.Nature is his sincere friend.In nature，he never feels lonely.“In the midst of a gentle rain while these thoughts prevailed，I was suddenly sensible of such sweet and beneficent society in nature”.These ideas have the content of Ecocentrism.He has realized the independent value of nature. 2.Human，Animals and Plants are Friends.Walden is a paradise for various animals.Many creatures live wildly and freely in the woods.Thoreau treated all these brutes as his friends and established an intimate relationship with them.
Thoreau thinks that Animals and plants exist for their own sake.This idea is similar toThaler’s “biocentrism”.Nature comprises of mankind，animals，plants and other beings.Each being has its own intrinsic value and equal right to exist in it.All species should be reverent to each other.Following lawof nature，each species could coexist in a harmonious way.
Ⅲ Conclusion
Thoreau’s deep ecological consciousness not onlypromotes the flourish of Ecoliterature but also awakens many people to protect the environment.We are happy to see that more and more people are beginning to show deep concern of the ecosphere protection.It is the responsibility of all people to maintain a harmonious man-and-nature relationship propagated by Thoreau.May the ideal of returning nature to a harmonious one will come true as soon as possible.
References：
[1]Henry David Thoreau，Walden.瓦爾登湖，英汉对照，田颖，朱春飞译[M].陕西人民出版社，2004.
[2]王诺.欧美生态文学[M].北京大学出版社，2003.
[3]罗伯特·米尔德.重塑梭罗，马会娟，管兴忠译[M].东方出版社， 2000.
【Key words】Thoreau； Walden； Ecoliterature； Human-and-nature Relationship
Walden is a good ecological text.To Thoreau，“Walden is the landscape’s most beautiful and expressive feature.It is earth’s eye.”Walden is a symbol of nature，which has the feature of purity and wildness without human’s exploitation.By the life experience in Walden，Thoreau aims to prove that how simple the life could be and how happy the simple life is.
ⅠThe Content ofEcoliterature
Ecoliturature is thriving but not yet mature.It is a highly comprehensive field and has intimate relationships with modern ecology，environmental ethnic，environmental economics and so on.
Ecoliterature analyzes mainly the man-and–nature relationship.Ecoliterature critics point out that man is not dominator or master of nature.Man could ask for the vital need from nature but has no right to ask for excessive material.Man should learn to appreciate the wild beauty of nature.
Ⅱ An Analysis ofWalden from the Ecological Perspective
Thoreau believes that nature has its own laws，with which nature enables to regulate all beings in a harmonious way.Nature does not authorize mankind to master theecosphere.Human is just one–part of the world rather than the centre of it.Animals，plants and other beings have their own intrinsic value.All beings should coexistharmoniously in nature.
1.Human is a Part of Nature.In Thoreau’s mind，human is a part of nature.In Walden，he expresses this idea clearly in this way，“This is a delicious evening，when the whole body is one sense，and imbibes delight through every pore.I go and come with a strange liberty in Nature，a part of herself.” He has good ways to get close to nature and to be part of it.He walks along the pond or in the woods again and again，he “experienced sometimes that the most sweet and tender，the most innocent and encouraging society may be found in any natural object”.Nature is his sincere friend.In nature，he never feels lonely.“In the midst of a gentle rain while these thoughts prevailed，I was suddenly sensible of such sweet and beneficent society in nature”.These ideas have the content of Ecocentrism.He has realized the independent value of nature. 2.Human，Animals and Plants are Friends.Walden is a paradise for various animals.Many creatures live wildly and freely in the woods.Thoreau treated all these brutes as his friends and established an intimate relationship with them.
Thoreau thinks that Animals and plants exist for their own sake.This idea is similar toThaler’s “biocentrism”.Nature comprises of mankind，animals，plants and other beings.Each being has its own intrinsic value and equal right to exist in it.All species should be reverent to each other.Following lawof nature，each species could coexist in a harmonious way.
Ⅲ Conclusion
Thoreau’s deep ecological consciousness not onlypromotes the flourish of Ecoliterature but also awakens many people to protect the environment.We are happy to see that more and more people are beginning to show deep concern of the ecosphere protection.It is the responsibility of all people to maintain a harmonious man-and-nature relationship propagated by Thoreau.May the ideal of returning nature to a harmonious one will come true as soon as possible.
References：
[1]Henry David Thoreau，Walden.瓦爾登湖，英汉对照，田颖，朱春飞译[M].陕西人民出版社，2004.
[2]王诺.欧美生态文学[M].北京大学出版社，2003.
[3]罗伯特·米尔德.重塑梭罗，马会娟，管兴忠译[M].东方出版社， 2000.