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随着人类对粮食需求的增加,作为可以缓解人类粮食需求的马铃薯的产量提高成为一个亟待解决的问题。由于马铃薯主要种植在我国北方地区,或在南方寒冬季节种植,水分和温度成为抑制马铃薯种植增产的瓶颈。覆膜栽培可提高马铃薯的生长温度,保护水分流失,缩短生长周期等,是提高其产量的首选技术。覆膜栽培技术主要从播前准备(选种、选地、起垄、施肥等)、规范种植(适时播种、科学种植、合理覆膜)以及种植后的追踪管理(放苗、施水、追肥、防治病虫害)三方面进行论述。
As humankind’s demand for food has risen, it has become a pressing issue to be raised as a yield increase for potatoes that can alleviate the human food needs. Since potatoes are mainly planted in the northern part of China or planted in the cold winter season in the south, water and temperature have become the bottleneck to inhibit the increase of potato production. Film-mulching cultivation can increase the growth temperature of potato, protect water loss and shorten the growth cycle, which are the preferred techniques to increase the yield. Cultivation techniques mainly include planting preparation (selection, selection, ridging, fertilization, etc.), standardized planting (timely sowing, scientific planting, reasonable covering) and tracking management after planting , Pest control) in three aspects.