当明清易代之后 ,文人心态普遍复杂化 ,王士祯生于官宦之家 ,典型体现了那一时代文人的复杂心态。他既希望通过科举考试以实现政治上的理想和抱负 ,又对参加清廷科举考试存有一种明显的抵触情绪。在这样的心态下 ,王士祯创作了大量哀怨凄凉的作品。在诗学观念上 ,王士祯提出了典、远、谐、则的主张 ,表现了对低沉哀婉的创作情调的适应 ,带有浓厚的格调论色彩。同时 ,其时距易代已有十几年 ,遗民心中的反清情绪渐趋淡泊 ,诗风亦趋向“温柔敦厚”。因此可以认为 ,王士祯的诗学观念乃是一种既源自古典诗歌美学又顺应时代文学思潮的理论主张 After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the mentality of the literati was generally complicated. Wang Shizhen was born in the court of official residence, which reflected the complex mentality of the literati in that era. He hoped to pass the imperial examinations to achieve political ideals and aspirations and to hold a clear resistance to participating in the imperial examinations. In this state of mind, Wang Shizhen created a large number of sad and desolate works. From the perspective of poetics, Wang Shizhen put forward the propositions of dian, Yuan and harmony, which shows his adaptation to the low and mellow creative mood with a strong tone of style. At the same time, it has been more than a decade since the reign of the Qing Dynasty. The anti-Qing sentiment in the descendants of the descendants has become increasingly indifferent. The style of poetry also tends to be “gentle and generous.” Therefore, it can be considered that Wang Shizhen’s poetic concept is a theory advocating that classical poetry aesthetics should conform to the literary trend of the times