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本文利用地志资料,对清代黄土高原地区市镇及其相关的几个问题进行探讨。认为清代地志关于市镇的记述很不平衡,市镇的概念和内涵在诸多方志中不一致;市镇并没有形成较为完整的一般行政区划,也不全是一方的行政中心;市镇包括市集主要表现为一方经济中心地的功能,社会活动是伴生的现象。市镇按集日分配看有三种基本类型,即年集、月集和日集,其具体情形和分布略有不同,地域特征显著。由于地志资料记述较为混杂,在作具体研究中应当澄清和分析,而不可贸然用之。
In this paper, we use geo-information to discuss the several issues related to the towns and cities in the Qinghai Loess Plateau. It is thought that the description of towns in Qing dynasty is very unbalanced. The conception and connotation of towns are not consistent in many chronicles. The towns do not form a complete general administrative division nor the administrative center of one side. The municipalities include the city Set mainly for the economic center of one side of the function, social activities are associated phenomenon. There are three basic types of distribution by market town, namely, the year set, the month set and the day set. The specific situation and distribution are slightly different and the geographical features are significant. As the description of geo-information is more complicated, it should be clarified and analyzed in the specific study, but not be used in a hurry.