本文认为如何理解《论语》中关于“仁”的思想是理解孔子思想的关键。作者从“仁”的基本涵义和哲学的角度对其思想底蕴进行探讨。“仁”虽然尚不具备实体性的本体和纯粹逻辑上的本体的意义,但却有着非常深刻的超越性意义,即与现实性紧紧地结合在一起。这种形上意义集中体现在其所主张的人在道德实践中的不断实现的自我超越上,这种形上性和超越性是紧紧地与现实性结合在一起的。 This dissertation holds the view that how to understand the thought of “benevolence” in The Analects is the key to understanding Confucianism. The author explores his ideological background from the perspective of “humanity” and philosophy. Although “Ren” does not yet possess the meaning of a substantive entity and a purely logical ontology, it has a very profound transcendental meaning that is closely integrated with reality. This metaphysical significance is embodied in the self-transcendence of the advocated people in their continuous realization in moral practice, which is tightly combined with reality.