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作为草原地区涉及面最广、农牧民参与程度最高的一项生态政策,禁牧政策对农户的土地利用行为产生了重大的影响。基于参与式农户评估法及累积Logit回归模型等对禁牧政策作用下库布齐沙漠的农户土地利用行为变化进行了研究。结果表明:(1)禁牧后农户的耕地和草地利用行为发生了显著变化。耕地总面积平均增加0.83hm~2,饲草种植面积平均增加0.25hm~2,羊只数量平均减少39.44只,舍饲程度得到提高;(2)政策因子、户主特征因子、家庭特征因子、农户土地利用行为意识因子是影响农户土地利用行为转变的主要因素,各个因子对不同土地利用行为的影响程度不同;(3)季节休牧对农户耕地利用行为的影响程度较大,全年禁牧对农户草地利用行为的影响程度较大。结合研究结果对禁牧政策的改进提出了相关建议。
As an ecological policy with the most extensive coverage in grassland areas and the highest level of participation of farmers and herdsmen, the policy of no-grazing has a significant impact on land-use behavior of farmers. Based on the participatory rural appraisal method and the cumulative Logit regression model, the changes of farmers’ land use behaviors under the no-grazing policy were studied. The results showed that: (1) Farmers’ use of cultivated land and grassland changed significantly after the grazing ban. The total area of cultivated land increased by 0.83 hm ~ 2 on average, the forage planting area increased by 0.25 hm ~ 2 on average, the number of sheep reduced by an average of 39.44, and the degree of shedding was improved. (2) Policy factors, household characteristics, household characteristics, The awareness of land use behavior is the main factor affecting the change of farmers ’land use behavior, and the influence of each factor on different land use behaviors is different. (3) The effect of seasonal grazing on farmer households’ Farmers use grassland to a greater extent. Combined with the results of the study, we put forward some suggestions on improving the policy of banning grazing.