1644年的中国,正是明清交替期。历史舞台上有3位主角:明朝皇帝朱由检、农民起义军闯王李自成、清朝的摄政王多尔衮。其实,还有一位主角一直为人们忽略——小小老鼠。后人在讲到明末清初改朝换代的这段历史时,往往都注重讲政治大势、军事攻防,历史学家们很少有人关注到这场发生在崇祯十六年前(1643年)北京城的惨烈大疫。1997年,上海交通大学历史系的曹树基教授在他的论文《鼠疫流行与华北 China in 1644, it is the turn of Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are three protagonists on the stage of history: the Ming emperor Zhu Yuming, peasant rebel army Chuang Wang Zicheng, the regent of the Qing dorgon. In fact, there is a protagonist has been ignored by people - little mouse. Descendants of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties to change the history of this period, often pay attention to political power, military offensive and defensive, few historians have been concerned about this occurred in Chongzhen 16 years ago (1643) Beijing The tragedy. In 1997, Professor Cao Shuji of Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of History in his paper "plague epidemic and North China