在历史教学中,我们常遇到一些看似正确,实则存在很大谬误的观点和极易混淆、错误的知识点,它极大影响着学生对知识准确性的掌握,如果不及时探幽发微,匡正辨析,就会以讹传讹,为害匪浅。现举例说明。 1.关于“殷鉴”的本意:不少同学顾名思义,认为是商纣暴虐失天下为后人提供了借鉴和教训,其实据《诗经·大雅·荡》所言“殷鉴不远,在夏后之世”,殷鉴的本意应为殷人灭夏,殷人的子孙应该以夏的灭亡作为借鉴,后用来泛指可以作后人鉴戒的前人失败之事。 2.关于世袭制:有的同学信为夏启破坏了禅让制开创的王位世袭制就是传子制,这种说法有片面性,其实在夏以后的商朝,兄终弟及的情况很多,并有传弟和传子两种方法。传弟多按年龄长幼继承,进入封建社会兄终弟及的情况也未消失。 3.关于四诊法中的“闻”:认为“闻”的意思仅是听 In history teaching, we often encounter some views that seem to be correct, but in fact there is a lot of mistakes, and easily confusing, wrong knowledge points, it greatly affects the students’ mastery of knowledge accuracy, if not timely exploration When you are analyzing and analyzing the facts, you will be rumored by rumors. Here is an example. 1. Regarding the meaning of “Yinjian”: Many students, as the name implies, believe that it is commercialism and violence that has provided lessons and lessons for later generations. In fact, according to the book “The Book of Songs, Daya and Dang,” it is not far from Yin Jian, in the summer In the world, Yin Jian’s original intention was to destroy Yin by the Yin people. The descendants of the Yin people should use Xia’s demise as a reference, and later be used to refer to the failures of the predecessors who could serve as a guide for future generations. 2. Regarding hereditary system: Some schoolmates believe that Xia Qi destroyed the hereditary system of the throne that was created by the system of meditation. It is a one-sided system. In fact, there are many situations in the Shang Dynasty after the Xia Dynasty and the brethren and their brothers. There are two ways to transfer the disciples and pass them on. The fact that his brother-in-law inherited more than one child according to his age, and he entered the feudal society and his brother’s final brother has not disappeared. 3. Regarding the “smell” in the four-diagnosis method: It is considered that the meaning of “smell” is only listening.