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人是具有主观能动性的万物之灵。人的主观能动性又来自人具有建立在健全的自我意识和他我意识基础之上的完整的自我。正是这种自我的确立,使人具备了对自身的认识与肯定,进而认识了自身与环境的关系,产生出改造主、客观世界的勇气、责任心与使命感,并将这种精神力量作用于认识与改造主、客观世界的社会实践中,从而推动了人自身的发展,也推动了人类社会的发展。青年期是个体的自我由浑沌的迷信之谷坠入自我分裂的炼狱的蒙难期,亦是个体的自我在炼狱的洗礼中得到净化、产生质的飞跃的新生期。青年一旦能够在这一过程中出落为具有健全的自我意识与他我意识的新自我,就等于向社会宣布:青年已经脱颖为成熟的社会个体,能够胜任社会赋予的角色任务与历史使命。从这个意义上来说,青年工作的任务就是帮助青年实现这种自我的新生。而要完成这个任务,有必要模清青年期自我发展的基本规律与正确走向。笔者认为这一规律和走向是由以下5个阶段构成的连续过程:
Man is the Spirit of all things with subjective initiative. The subjective initiative of man comes from the complete self of man based on sound self-consciousness and his self-consciousness. It is this kind of self-establishment that gives people the knowledge and affirmation of themselves, thus realizing their own relationship with the environment, generating the courage, sense of responsibility and mission to transform the Lord and the objective world, and integrating this spiritual force It plays a role in the social practice of recognizing and transforming the primary and the objective world, thus promoting the development of human beings and promoting the development of human society. Adolescence is an individual self that plunges into the self-divisive purgatory from the valley of chaos and superstition. It is also a newborn period in which an individual’s self is purified during the baptism of purgatory to produce a qualitative leap. Once young people can emerge in this process as a new ego with sound self-awareness and self-awareness, they are tantamount to declaring to the community that young people have become mature social individuals capable of performing the tasks entrusted by the society. Mission and Historical Mission . In this sense, the task of youth work is to help young people realize this self-reborn. To accomplish this task, it is necessary to clarify the basic rules and the correct course of adolescent self-development. The author believes that this law and trend is composed of the following five stages of continuous process: