温克尔曼的古代艺术史写作旨在以“体系”探究艺术生成的实相,同时确立古希腊艺术的独特性和崇高地位。他一方面从风格变迁的角度阐述希腊艺术史,另一方面从外部环境变化的角度来描述艺术的发展变化,而将艺术纳入整体文化之中。前者可视为纵向构造,后者可视为横向构造。本文亦探究其“体系”观念及体系构造之生成的历史来源。 Winkelman’s writing of ancient art history aims to explore the reality of art production with “System ” and establish the uniqueness and lofty status of ancient Greek art. On the one hand, he expounds the history of Greek art from the perspective of style change. On the other hand, he describes the development and changes of art from the perspective of the change of external environment, and integrates art into the whole culture. The former can be regarded as a longitudinal structure, the latter can be regarded as a horizontal structure. This article also explores the historical origin of the “system” concept and system structure.