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Background The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on the patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.Methods Meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized clinical trials of patients undergoing cardiovascularsurgery was performed.The first endpoints were myocardial enzymes and second endpoints were postoperative ventilation time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital stay and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).