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以MnO_2为氧化剂,采用乳液聚合法,用三种不同的磺酸型表面活性剂制备掺杂聚苯胺(PANI)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱以及X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对其结构及形貌进行表征;用所得的掺杂聚苯胺制作电极,组装成对称扣式超级电容器,用循环伏安法(CV)、电化学阻抗(EIS)和恒电流充放电技术进行电化学性能研究。结果表明,磺酸表面活性剂的引入有利于PANI纳米纤维的形成和分散,掺杂Nafion的PANI纤维直径在30-40 nm之间,纤维交织成多孔的疏松结构;当放电电流为0.1 A·g~(-1)时,以PANI-Nafion,PANT-SDS(十二烷基磺酸钠)、PANI-SDBS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)为电极材料的超级电容器比容量分别为385.3、359.7、401.6F·g~(-1),均高于未掺杂PANI的比容量(235.8 F·g~(-1));其中,PANINafion的循环稳定性最好,1000次循环后其比容量保持率高达70.7%。
Polyaniline (PANI) was prepared with three different sulfonic acid surfactants using MnO 2 as oxidant and emulsion polymerization. The structure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The resulting electrodes were fabricated with polyaniline Supercapacitors were prepared by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge-discharge technique. The results show that the introduction of sulfonic acid surfactant is conducive to the formation and dispersion of PANI nanofibers. The diameter of PANI fibers doped with Nafion is between 30-40 nm, and the fibers are intertwined into porous, porous structures. When the discharge current is 0.1 A · The specific capacitance of supercapacitors with PANI-Nafion, PANT-SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and PANI-SDBS (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate) as electrode materials were 385.3 , 359.7 and 401.6F · g -1, respectively, which were higher than that of undoped PANI (235.8 F · g -1). Among them, PANINafion had the best cyclic stability. After 1000 cycles Specific capacity retention rate of up to 70.7%.