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采用转换份额分析方法和随机前沿方法,分析了1978~2010年省际要素配置效率对劳动生产率和全要素生产率的贡献,并利用要素边际产出探讨了要素配置效率低下的原因。研究发现:全要素生产率增长主要来源于技术进步,要素配置效率对生产率的贡献较小,但对全要素生产率的变化趋势具有重要影响;劳动配置效率的贡献要高于资本配置效率,其原因是劳动与资本配置机制存在差异;我国地区间的要素边际产出差异依然巨大,要素配置效率较低。因此,改善要素配置机制,消除要素流动障碍,是提高要素配置效率的主要途径。
Using the conversion share analysis method and stochastic frontier method, this paper analyzes the contribution of provincial factor allocation efficiency to labor productivity and total factor productivity from 1978 to 2010, and uses the factor marginal product to analyze the reasons for the low efficiency of factor allocation. The research found that the total factor productivity growth mainly comes from the technological progress, while the factor allocation efficiency contributes less to the productivity, but it has a significant impact on the trend of total factor productivity. The contribution of labor allocation efficiency is higher than the capital allocation efficiency There are differences in labor and capital allocation mechanisms; differences in marginal product of factors between regions in China are still huge, and factor allocation efficiency is low. Therefore, improving the mechanism of factor allocation and eliminating the barrier of factor flow are the main ways to improve the efficiency of factor allocation.