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1.寒凉药 这类药的成分主要为挥发油、生物碱、卤素及其盐类、重金属元素、蒽醌类等。其药理作用是降低中枢神经系统的兴奋性,减弱呼吸、循环、代谢和肌肉活动功能,同时,减弱机体对病源性刺激的反应能力,从而显示中药的寒凉作用。 挥发性成分:通过刺激反射而引起发汗、解热、清凉等作用。例如,薄荷内含挥发油(主要为薄荷油、薄荷酮、薄荷脑等)。通过刺激中枢神经系统,间接作用于末稍神经,使皮肤血管扩张、汗腺分泌而起发汗解热作用。外用则使粘膜血管收缩、感觉神经麻痹而产生清凉、止痛、止痒作用。柴胡
1. Han Liang medicine The main components of these drugs are volatile oils, alkaloids, halogens and their salts, heavy metals, hydrazines and so on. Its pharmacological effects are to reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, weakening the functions of respiration, circulation, metabolism and muscle activity, and at the same time, weakening the body’s ability to respond to pathogenic stimuli, thus showing the coldness of Chinese medicine. Volatile components: Stimulate reflexes to cause sweating, antipyretic and cool effects. For example, peppermint contains essential oils (mainly mint oil, menthone, menthol, etc.). By stimulating the central nervous system, it acts indirectly on the peripheral nerves, causing skin vasodilation and sweat glands to secrete and exert antipyretic effects. External use of the mucosal vasoconstriction, sensory nerve palsy and produce cool, analgesic, antipruritic effect. Bupleurum