在以三氯化铁水合物催化合成环烷酸丁酯的反应中，考察了酸醇比值、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对该酯化反应的影响，并给出了适宜的反应条件。酸醇比为１∶３，三氯化铁水合物的质量分数为０．０６，反应时间为２ｈ的条件下，环烷酸的转化率大于９２％．采用先酯化后减压蒸馏的方法，工艺简单，产品色泽浅、无异味，可以替代部分邻苯二甲酸二辛酯作为辅助增塑剂。 In the reaction of ferric chloride hydrate to synthesize butyl naphthenate, the influence of the ratio of acid to alcohol, the amount of catalyst and the reaction time on the esterification reaction was investigated. The suitable reaction conditions were also given. The ratio of acid to alcohol was 1: 3, the mass fraction of ferric chloride hydrate was 0.06, the reaction time was 2h, the conversion of naphthenic acid was more than 92%. Using the method of esterification and vacuum distillation, the process is simple, the product has the advantages of light color and no peculiar smell, and can replace part of dioctyl phthalate as an auxiliary plasticizer.