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目的 观察法舒地尔对矽肺大鼠肌成纤维细胞分化的调节作用.方法 采用非暴露式支气管灌注二氧化硅构建矽肺大鼠模型(模型组),并予以法舒地尔预处理(观察组).HE染色观察肺组织病理形态并计数矽结节数量和计算矽结节面积;免疫组织化学染色法检测α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α- smooth muscle actín, α-SMA)的表达;免疫印迹法检测I型胶原、α-SMA的表达.结果与对照组比较,模型组出现典型的矽结节及间质纤维化,而予以法舒地尔预处理,能够减少矽结节数量和矽结节面积(P＜0. 05).免疫组织化学染色结果显示,模型组矽结节内有大量α-SMA阳性表达的肌成纤维细胞.与模型组比较,法舒地尔能够降低矽肺大鼠肺组织内α-SMA的阳性表达.免疫印迹法结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组I型胶原、α-SMA的表达上调,分别是对照组的3. 36倍和3. 72倍,而在观察组,I型胶原、α-SMA的表达降至模型组的 59. 45％和81. 14％,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 法舒地尔能够显著抑制胶原沉积和肌成纤维细胞分化,从而发挥拮抗大鼠矽肺纤维化的作用.“,”Objective To explore the anti - fibrotic effect of Fasudil on Fibroblast differentiation in lung silicosis rats. Methods Silica were douched in the trachea of rat to make the silicotic model. The number and area of silicotic lesions were measured for pathological morphology by H. E. staining. The positive of a - smooth muscle actin (α- SMA), a marker of myofibroblasts, was tested by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The expression of collage type I (Col I) and α- SMA were measured by western blot. Results The silicotic lesions and interstitial fibrosis were observed in lung induced by silica. Pre - treatment with Fasudil, the number and area of silicotic lesions were decreased. The IHC staining results showed that positive of α-SMA can be seen in silicotic lesions, and reduced by pre - treatment of Fasudil. Compared with control, the expression of Col I and α-SMA were increased to 3. 36 folds and 3. 72 folds, respectively. Pre-treated with Fasudil, the expression of Col I and α- SMA were decreased to 59. 45％ and 81. 14％, respectively. Conclusion Fasudil has an anti -fibrotic effect on silicosis by blocking collagen deposition and myofibroblast differentiation.