1989年以来,东欧国家的政局相继发生了激剧的变化,多数国家的共产党和工人党丧失了执政党的地位。随着政治制度的变化,经济体制开始从计划经济向市场经济过渡。本文中所说的东欧国家系指波兰、匈牙利、捷克和斯洛伐克、保加利亚、罗马尼亚五国。 Since 1989, the political situation in Eastern European countries has undergone a dramatic change in succession. The communist and workers’ parties in most countries have lost their status as ruling parties. As the political system changes, the economic system begins to transition from a planned economy to a market economy. Eastern European countries referred to in this paper refer to Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Bulgaria and Romania.