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等同于最小损害原则的必要性原则,在内涵上经历了从“必要的目的与必要的手段”到“必要的手段”的转变。为了预防与控制公权力行使的恣意与专横,应当客观化必要性原则。在判断何为必要性手段时,不应当忽略不同手段的有效性差别。如果通过成本收益分析方法,再借助于手段的相对损害计算公式,对异同有效性的手段进行损害大小比较,就能有效破解最小损害性难以客观判定的难题。
Equivalent to the principle of necessity of the principle of minimum harm, the connotation has undergone a change from “the necessary objective and the necessary means” to the “necessary means”. In order to prevent and control the arbitrary and arbitrary exercise of public power, the principle of necessity should be objectified. In judging what is a necessity, the validity of different means should not be neglected. If we use the cost-benefit analysis method and the relative damage formula by means of comparison, we can effectively solve the difficult problem that the minimum damage is difficult to objectively determine by comparison of the damages of similarities and differences.