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目的探讨分析通州地区围产儿死亡的病因与预防措施。方法统计分析了自1995至2004年死亡的围产儿582例,将5年为一阶段分为2组,对比两组的疾病排序和围产儿死亡的相关因素,采用χ2检验处理两组数据。结果2004年通州地区围产儿死亡率为3.86%,先天畸形、脐带因素、早产儿分别为死亡的前三位原因,先天畸形的发生率明显高于前5年。产前预测脐带因素仍较困难。外地来京人员和低文化、低收入人群成为围产儿死亡的主要人群,孕期保健不到位和孕产妇缺乏相关医疗卫生知识导致有57.91%的胎儿死于宫内。母亲合并躯体性疾病导致围产儿死亡占31.99%。结论通州区围产儿死亡疾病以先天畸形、脐带因素、早产儿为主,提高产前诊断能力和技术、加强婚前检查、围产期母婴的监测和对农村、流动人口的管理是今后工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the causes and preventive measures of perinatal death in Tongzhou area. Methods 582 cases of perinatal deaths were analyzed statistically from 1995 to 2004. The 5-year period was divided into two groups. The two groups were compared by Chi-square test and Chi-square test. Results The perinatal mortality rate was 3.86% in Tongzhou district in 2004. The first three causes of death were congenital malformations, umbilical cord factors and premature infants. The incidence of congenital malformations was significantly higher than that of the first five years. Prenatal umbilical cord factors are still more difficult to predict. 57.91% of the fetuses died in the womb due to the lack of adequate health care during pregnancy and the lack of relevant medical and health knowledge of pregnant women who came to Beijing and low-cultural and low-income groups became the major perinatal deaths. Mother combined with somatic diseases led to perinatal deaths accounted for 31.99%. Conclusions Congenital malformations, umbilical cord factors and premature babies are the main causes of perinatal death in Tongzhou District. It can improve the ability and technique of prenatal diagnosis, strengthen premarital examination, monitoring of perinatal mother and infant, and management of rural and floating population in the future Focus.