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常规叠后地震道反演技术 ,受多种因素的影响。在实用中 ,很难获得准确的结果。从地震道反演的主要技术环节来看 ,造成地震道反演错误或解释陷井的原因主要集中在噪声、假设条件、子波提取、时深转换、低频分量、约束条件等方面。PatrickConnolly提出的弹性阻抗 (elasticimpedance)的思想 ,改进了反射系数垂直入射假设的错误 ,巧妙地将AVO问题与地震道反演相结合 ,将地震道反演技术向前推进了一步。在此基础上建立的适合常规叠后资料的、非零炮检距纵波资料的广义弹性阻抗 (generalizedelasticimpedance)模型不仅包含波阻抗 ,还包含了纵横波速度等岩性信息。进一步发展纵波与转换波弹性阻抗的联合反演 ,能更准确地获得纵横波速度信息 ,还能获得流体饱和度及渗透特性的信息 ,是地震反演发展的最新方向
Conventional poststack seismic trace inversion techniques are influenced by many factors. In practice, it is difficult to get accurate results. From the main technical aspects of seismic trace inversion, the causes of seismic trace inversion or trap interpretation mainly focus on noise, assumptions, wavelet extraction, time-depth conversion, low-frequency components, and constraints. Patrick Connolly’s idea of elasticimpedance improves the assumption of vertical incidence of reflection coefficients and cleverly combines AVO with seismic trace inversion to take seismic trace inversion a step further. Based on this, the generalized elastic impedance model of non-zero offset SPD data, which is suitable for conventional poststack data, not only includes wave impedance, but also lithology information such as P- and S-wave velocity. The further development of the joint inversion of P-wave and converted-wave elastic impedance can obtain the information of P-wave velocity more accurately and obtain the information of fluid saturation and permeability, which is the latest direction of seismic inversion development