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元代蒙古族哲学思想,在蒙古族哲学史上占有重要的地位。在蒙古族哲学思想上,成吉思汗首先提出了“五色”和“麻哈布德”等概念。本文将元代蒙古族宇宙观总括为四方面:一是地理天文,元代科学家创用地理经度的概念——里差,并绘制中国地图和地球仪;我国古代天文学发展到元代达到了它的高峰,这些都与蒙古人对天文地理的认识分不开。二是时空间,蒙古人对时空概念认识的系统化是在元代;成吉思汗提出了:“永恒”和“天”为一体,“永恒天”与“气力”相统一的哲学思想。三是宇宙演化,宇宙万物是自然演化生成的,其中地球上万物也在不断地演化。四是宇宙本源,蒙古族哲学家保八认为,“太极动而生阳生阴”,“天地开辟,未有文籍之先已有此易”;阴阳是气,易是与物质分不开的运动之规律。
The Mongolian philosophy in the Yuan Dynasty occupies an important position in the history of Mongolian philosophy. In Mongolian philosophical thought, Genghis Khan first proposed the concepts of “Five Colors” and “Mahabad”. This article summarizes the Mongolian cosmology in the Yuan Dynasty as four aspects: one is the geography and astronomy, the concept of geographic longitude created by scientists in the Yuan Dynasty - and the mapping of China and the globe; the development of ancient Chinese astronomy reached its peak in the Yuan Dynasty , These are inseparable from Mongolian understanding of astronomy and geography. Second, in time and space, the Mongolian systematic understanding of the concept of space-time was in the Yuan Dynasty. Genghis Khan put forward the philosophical idea that “eternal” and “heaven” were united and “eternal heaven” and “power” were unified. Third, the evolution of the universe, the universe is a natural evolution of all things generated, of which all things on Earth are also evolving. Fourth, the origin of the universe, the Mongolian philosopher Bao eight that the “Tai Chi move and Yang Shengyin”, “heaven and earth to open up, there is no text before this Yi Yi”; yin and yang is angry, easy and inseparable from the material The law of movement.