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目的了解北京市在校大学生与研究生吸烟、饮酒和体育锻炼现状,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,按性别、年级段分层,抽取北京市8所不同类型高校在校大学生及研究生4236名进行问卷调查,对不同性别、年级段及高校类型学生的吸烟、饮酒行为和体育锻炼情况进行比较。结果被调查大学生与研究生现在吸烟率为5.1%,现在吸烟者开始吸烟年龄为(18.30±2.96)岁,平均每日吸烟量为(7.13±5.66)支。非条件Logistic回归分析显示,男性、高年级段、研究生、普通综合性高校及现在饮酒为现在吸烟的危险因素。被调查者现在饮酒率为26.2%。经常锻炼(每周≥3次,每次>30min)者占23.0%,男生经常锻炼的比例(29.0%)高于女生(16.9%),差异有统计学意义。结论被调查大学生与研究生现在吸烟率低于中国人群平均水平,现在饮酒现象普遍,体育锻炼情况不佳。高校应对大学生与研究生加强控烟、限酒、加强体力活动的健康教育,促进其建立健康的生活方式。
Objective To understand the status of smoking, drinking and physical exercise among university students and postgraduates in Beijing and to provide the basis for making interventions. Methods A multistage sampling method was adopted to stratify the sexes and grade grades. 4236 undergraduates and postgraduates in 8 different types of colleges in Beijing were selected for questionnaire survey. The smoking, drinking behavior, Physical exercise comparison. Results The prevalence of smoking was 5.1% among undergraduates and postgraduates surveyed. The smoker’s age at onset of smoking was (18.30 ± 2.96) years old and the average daily smoked volume was (7.13 ± 5.66). Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that men, senior grades, graduate students, general polygamy and current alcohol consumption are risk factors for smoking nowadays. Respondents now drunk rate was 26.2%. Regular exercise (≥3 times a week, each time> 30min) accounted for 23.0%, boys regular exercise (29.0%) than girls (16.9%), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of smoking among undergraduates and graduate students surveyed is lower than the average level of Chinese population. Nowadays, drinking is common and physical exercise is not good. Universities and colleges should step up tobacco control and alcohol restriction for both university students and postgraduates to enhance their health education in physical activity and promote their establishment of healthy lifestyles.