采用电子扫描显微镜和图像分析仪研究了我国三种典型的磷矿颗粒的表面结构，并提出了分形模型。由于沉积性磷块岩存在着自相似性，所得到分数维值可进一步预测磷矿颗粒内的磷灰石团粒分布率。同时对反应活性与表面分形间的关系也进行了探讨 The surface structures of three typical phosphate rock particles in China were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image analyzer, and a fractal model was proposed. Due to the existence of self-similarity of sedimentary phosphorite, the fractional value obtained can further predict the distribution rate of the apatite aggregates within the phosphorite. At the same time, the relationship between reactivity and surface fractal was also discussed