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由一个词根(root)加上前缀(prefix)或后缀(suffix)构成另一个词就是派生词。对于已经学过构词法的高三同学来说,在英语学习中重新复习掌握好派生词,有利于同学们迅速掌握大量的单词,拓展词汇量,提高阅读能力和水平,也有利于在高考中提高阅读速度。在学习的过程中,应该特别注意的是相同词缀的派生词,其词性和词义有时是不同的,这一点经常为同学们所忽略。2006年《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》(英语)附录语法项目表,其中P127第12构词法,要求考生掌握派生法:(1)加前缀:dis-,in-,re- ,un-,non-(2)加后缀:-able,-al,-an,-ful,-ive,-er,- ese,-ist,-ment,-ness,-tion,-fy,-ian,-ing,-is(z)e,-ly, -teen,-ty,-th,-y。下面就以上这些词缀的词性和词义在中学英语教材及阅读材料中常见的归纳如下:
Another word is a derivative derived from a root (prefix) or suffix. For the third-year students who have learned the word-building method, reviewing and mastering derivative words in English learning is conducive to the students to quickly master a large number of words, expand vocabulary, improve reading ability and level, and also help improve reading in the college entrance examination. speed. In the process of learning, special attention should be paid to derivatives of the same affixes. Their POS and word meanings are sometimes different. This is often overlooked by the students. In 2006, the Outline of the Unified National Examination for Higher Education Enrollment (English) Appendices Syntax Item List, in which the P127 twelfth word formation method requires the candidate to acquire the derivation method: (1) Prefix: dis-, in-, re-, un-, Non-(2) plus suffix: -able,-al,-an,-ful,-ive,-er,- ese,-ist,-ment,-ness,-tion,-fy,-ian,-ing, -is(z)e,-ly, -teen,-ty,-th,-y. The following are some of the common meanings of these affixes in the middle school English textbooks and reading materials.