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承压设备主要包括锅炉、压力容器与管道等由于其壳体结构具有受力合理、经济适用和造型美观等优点,被广泛应用于化工、石油化工、能源、冶金、医药、食品等领域。壳体结构在运行中因各种缺陷的存在,时有事故发生。壳体结构的破坏形式,无论是通常情况下的屈曲,还是壳体结构的断裂,都呈现强烈的突然性,会给人的生命、国家的财产和环境造成不同程度的伤害,有时甚至是灾难性。工程上对承压设备壳体结构的强度、寿命和安全可靠性的评价有两类判据和方法,一类是建造标准或质量标准,用于产品质量、安全性控制。另一类是以“合乎使用”为原则的标准,这一标准兼顾容器的可靠性和经济性。建
Pressure-bearing equipment mainly includes boilers, pressure vessels and pipes, which are widely used in the fields of chemical industry, petrochemical industry, energy, metallurgy, medicine, foodstuffs, etc. due to the advantages of reasonable stress, economical application and handsome appearance of shell structure. Shell structure in operation due to the existence of various defects, there are accidents. The destruction of the shell structure, both in the normal case of buckling and in the fracture of the shell structure, presents a sudden abruptness that can cause injury to people’s lives, the country’s property and the environment to varying degrees, and sometimes even disaster Sex. There are two types of criteria and methods for evaluating the strength, life and safety and reliability of the shell structure of pressure-bearing equipment in engineering. One is the construction of standards or quality standards for product quality and safety control. The other is based on the principle of “fit for use ”, which takes into account the reliability and economy of the container. build