癌症的进展涉及无休止的基因突变，并通过进化选择成为最具侵袭性的肿瘤表型。这些基因突变形成了癌症的几种特质：漠视增殖、分化停止信号的存在；具备无限增殖的能力；逃避凋亡；侵袭性；新生血管生成的能力。其中前三种特质与细胞周期密切相关并为诊断及临床治疗提供了思路。细胞周期是细胞倍增必须经过的过程，共包括四个阶段：G1期、DNA复制的S期、G2期、染色体分离的M期。细胞周期抑制因子、清除相关蛋白的蛋白酶以及诱导凋亡等对影响改变细胞周期的内部及外部信号如生长因子、DNA损伤等加以监控以避免异常的 The progression of cancer involves an endless number of genetic mutations that, through evolutionary selection, become the most aggressive tumor phenotypes. These mutations result in several hallmarks of cancer: indifference to proliferation, differentiation stops the signal from being present, ability to proliferate infinitely, escape from apoptosis, aggressiveness, and neovascularization. The first three types of traits are closely related to the cell cycle and provide ideas for diagnosis and clinical treatment. Cell cycle is the process of cell doubling must pass through, including a total of four phases: G1 phase, DNA replication S phase, G2 phase, chromosome M phase separation. Cell cycle inhibitors, proteases that cleave related proteins, and induce apoptosis, etc. Monitor internal and external signals that affect cell cycle change, such as growth factors, DNA damage, and so on, to avoid aberrant