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以棚内盆栽山葡萄品种‘双优’(抗逆性弱)和‘左山一’(抗逆性强)扦插苗为材料,利用气体交换分析和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析手段,研究了轻度、中度和重度盐碱胁迫对不同抗逆性山葡萄品种的光合特性及PSⅡ活性以及生长发育的影响,为山葡萄耐盐碱品种的评价提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)‘双优’各胁迫程度下的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(Gs)和重度胁迫下的蒸腾速率(T_r)显著低于对照,而‘左山一’重度胁迫下的Pn和T_r、中重度胁迫下的Gs、各胁迫程度下的胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)显著低于对照,净光合速率下降主要归因于气孔限制和非气孔限制。(2)轻度、中度盐碱胁迫‘双优’叶片单位反应中心吸收的光能(ABS/RS)、单位面积内有活性反应中心数目(RS/CS)和吸收光能为基础的性能指数(PIABS),以及重度盐碱胁迫下‘左山一’的ABS/RS、RS/CS、用于电子传递的光能(ETo/CS)均显著低于相应对照,其余均无显著变化。(3)2品种山葡萄植株茎流率及株高、叶片数和根系生物量等生长指标在不同盐碱胁迫水平下均比对照显著降低,并以‘双优’品种降低幅度更大。研究表明,盐碱胁对山葡萄‘左山一’的叶片净光合速率、PSⅡ光能吸收和传递效率以及生长的抑制作用均小于‘双优’,‘左山一’的耐盐碱性更强。
Using the greenhouse cultivars ’Shuangyou’ (low resistance) and ’Zusanli’ (resistant to stress) cuttings of potted potted mountain as experimental materials, the effects of mild , Moderate and severe saline-alkali stress on the photosynthetic characteristics, PSⅡ activity and growth of different stress-resistant grape cultivars, and provided the theoretical basis for the evaluation of the salt-tolerant varieties. The results showed that: (1) Net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (T_r) under severe stress were significantly lower than those of control Pn and T_r under stress and Gs under medium and severe stress were significantly lower than those under the control. The decrease of net photosynthetic rate was mainly attributed to stomatal limitation and non-stomatal limitation. (2) Absorption of light energy (ABS / RS) per unit reaction center, number of reactive sites per unit area (RS / CS) and absorption of light based on mild and moderate saline-alkali stresses Index (PIABS), and ABS / RS, RS / CS and ETo / CS for ’Zuanshanyi’ under severe saline-alkali stress were significantly lower than those of the corresponding controls. (3) The stem flow rate, plant height, number of leaves and root biomass of two varieties of Vitis vinifera var. Mongolica were significantly lower than those under the control of different saline-alkali stress levels, and were more significantly reduced by ’Shuangyou’. The results showed that the salt-alkali stress had less effect on the net photosynthetic rate, PSII light energy absorption and transfer efficiency, and growth inhibition of ’Zanshanyi’ than that of ’Shuangyou’ .