一、问题的提出在第二次世界大战后的30年中,美国在世界经济的一些主要领域都曾经占据着统治地位。但是,从70年代以后,它的劳动生产率的增长速度比起其它一些工业国家来说要相对慢些,外贸连年出现赤字。到80年代,某些特定的工业如钢铁、汽车、家用电器等一直在走下坡路,而这些工业的产品从国外的进口却大幅度上升。所谓的“高技术”工业也同样受到威胁。半导体原是美国的一项发明,这项发明曾为美国近年来的工 I. PROBLEM PROPOSALS During the 30 years after World War II, the United States has dominated some of the major areas of the world economy. However, since the 1970s, its labor productivity has been growing at a relatively slower pace than some other industrialized countries, and the foreign trade has been facing a deficit year after year. By the 1980s, certain industries such as steel, automobiles, household appliances and the like had been on the decline. Imports of these industries from abroad were soaring. The so-called “high-tech” industry is equally at risk. Semiconductor was originally an American invention, which was invented by the United States in recent years