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清末至民国的小学课文中,儒学经典里的汪踦被塑造成典型的爱国儿童形象。教科书编者通过多种方式凸显汪踦故事的爱国主题,这种对经典的诠释既继承了经学解释学的传统,也与当时传媒的舆论宣传有密切的关系。同时,汪踦的形象也日趋丰满、放大甚至夸张,高度意识形态化。历史上曾有的不利于树立汪踦形象的描述与评论,在教科书中都被屏蔽掉了。回首这一时期教科书编者处理经典文本、塑造爱国儿童的过程,我们既可以体会到他们对经典别择去取的用心,也可以重估他们从经典中挖掘、诠释和演绎爱国主义素材的得失,从而为我们今天的教科书更好地传承与弘扬经典提供借鉴。
From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China’s elementary school texts, Wang Kui in the Confucian classics was shaped into a typical patriotic child image. The textbook editor highlighted Wang Pao’s patriotic theme in many ways. This classic interpretation inherited both hermeneutical and hermeneutic traditions and the media’s propaganda. At the same time, Wang Wan’s image is also becoming more plump, magnified and even exaggerated, highly ideological. All the descriptions and comments that have historically been detrimental to establishing Wang’s image have been shielded from the textbooks. Looking back at the process by which textbook editors dealt with classic texts and shaped patriotic children during this period, we can both appreciate their intentions of choosing classic alternatives and reassess their gains and losses from the excavation, interpretation and interpretation of patriotic material in the classic. So as to today’s textbooks to better inherit and promote the classic to provide reference.