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一般认为,支气管哮喘(bronchial asthma, BA)是在支气管反应性增高的状态下,由于变应原或其它因素引起广泛气道狭窄的疾病。其临床特点为间歇发作性的呼气相喘鸣,多数经治疗缓解,少数可自行缓解。该病尽管在临床易于识别,但目前尚难给它下一个准确的定义,且由于对其确诊和分型缺乏统一的指标,因而在流行病学研究上有一定困难。根据国内已发表的资料,患病率在0.69～5.29%之间不等。在英国和澳大利亚,大约有5%的成人和7～10%的儿童患哮喘。
It is generally believed that bronchial asthma (BA) is a disease that causes extensive airway stenosis due to allergen or other factors in a state of increased bronchial reactivity. The clinical features of intermittent episodes of breath phase wheezing, most of the relief by treatment, a small number of self-remission. Although the disease is easily identifiable clinically, it is difficult to give an accurate definition of the disease at present, and due to the lack of a unified indicator of its diagnosis and classification, it has some difficulties in epidemiological studies. According to the published data in China, the prevalence rates ranged from 0.69% to 5.29%. In Britain and Australia, about 5% of adults and 7% to 10% of children suffer from asthma.