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目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)发生输入性脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫情后,口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV)应急免疫活动(Emergency Immunization Activities,EIA)中疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,探讨OPV的安全性。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对AEFI监测系统中的相关数据进行统计分析。结果新疆OPV EIA期间共报告AEFI 442例,报告发生率为10.92/100万剂。其中三价(Trivalent)OPV(t OPV)报告发生率为7.82/100万剂。I型(Type 1)单价(Monovalent)OPV(m OPVI)报告发生率为17.11/100万剂。t OPV与m OPVI均以发热、腹泻等一般反应为主,异常反应罕见,主要为过敏性皮疹。结论 EIA使用的t OPV和m OPVI均安全性良好。
Objective To investigate the preventive measures against suspected immunization (EIA) in Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine (OPV) after the occurrence of imported poliomyelitis (SARS) in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) The occurrence characteristics of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI), to explore the safety of OPV. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of AEFI monitoring system. Results During the OPV EIA in Xinjiang, a total of 442 AEFI cases were reported, with a reported incidence of 10.92 / 1 million doses. Trivalent OPV (t OPV) was reported as 7.82 / 1 million doses. Type 1 Monovalent OPV (m OPVI) The reported incidence was 17.11 / 1 million doses. t OPV and m OPVI are fever, diarrhea and other general reactions, abnormal reactions rare, mainly allergic rash. Conclusions Both t OPV and m OPVI used in EIA are safe.