19世纪下半叶 ,随着西方列强对华侵略的加剧 ,传统民族意识应运而生 ,通过一系列历史事件凸现出来 ,呈现出复古闭锁型、保守传统型、自省开放型三种不同的演变形态。民族意识总的发展方向是由盲目仇外、虚骄自傲到效法西方、反思自身 ,逐步摆脱了华夏中心观、夷夏之辨的束缚 ,民族心态渐趋理性 In the second half of the 19th century, as the Western powers intensified their aggression against China, the traditional national consciousness came into being. Through a series of historical events, they showed three different evolutionary forms: retro-locked, conservative and open-minded . The general direction of development of national consciousness is from blind xenophobia, arrogance and pride to emulation of the West, reflection on itself, and gradually getting rid of the shackles of the concept of Huaxia Center and Yixia.