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膀胱癌如已侵犯膀胱三角区,膀胱颈附近或全部膀胱,则常需进行膀胱全切除并行尿流改道或膀胱重建的手术治疗。随着医学的不断进展,泌尿外科对膀胱全切后尿流改道或膀胱重建的手术方法也不断出现新的重大改革。输尿管乙状结肠吻合术(尿便合流)和输尿管腹壁造瘘术,皆给病带来了严重后果或不便,且早已废弃;以后曾先后改用直肠代膀胱结肠造瘘术(Manclaire氏术式,见图1,A),回盲肠代膀胱回肠造瘘术(Gilchrist氏术式,见图1,B),回肠代膀胱腹壁造瘘术(Briker氏术式,见图1,
If the bladder cancer has been violated bladder trigone, near the bladder neck or all of the bladder, often require total bladder resection and urinary diversion or bladder reconstruction surgery. With the continuous development of medicine, urology has undergone major and major reforms in the surgical methods of urinary diversion or bladder reconstruction after total bladder resection. Ureteral sigmoid anastomosis (urinary and intestine) and ureterostomy, both to the serious consequences of the disease or inconvenience, and has long been abandoned; later switched to the colon on behalf of the colostomy (Manclaire’s operation, see Figure 1, A), ileostomy on behalf of vesico-ileostomy (Gilchrist’s procedure, see Figure 1, B), ileal replacement on bladder abdominal wall (Briker’s procedure, see Figure 1,