一、前言材料的热性质包括热传导率、热膨胀系数及热容量等物理性质。其中热容量和热导率是直接以温度函数形式表示的与物质内能密切有关的物理性质,可说是固有的热物理性质。反之,热胀系数与内能无直接关系,是表示晶格膨胀的温度系数,性质稍有不同。它们总称为 First, the thermal properties of materials, including thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and thermal capacity and other physical properties. The heat capacity and thermal conductivity are directly related to the physical properties of the substance as a direct function of temperature and are inherently thermophysical properties. On the contrary, the thermal expansion coefficient and the internal energy is not directly related to the temperature coefficient of lattice expansion, the nature of slightly different. They are collectively called