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一种生产管理方式的产生不仅与社会生产力的发展及经济体制有关,而且与随着社会生产力发展而发展的主体思维方式有关。从一定意义上说,精益生产方式是精益思维的必然结果。 人们知道,汽车工业起源于19世纪末期。那时的汽车生产处于单件生产的原始状态,组织结构极为分散,汽车的大船分设计和大多数零件的制造都是在各个作坊中进行的。在这种情况下,虽然人们也在追求价廉物美的汽车,但在当时科学技术和生产力的状况下,精益思维是有限度的,只能实行手工生产管理方式。它要选用具有高超技艺、通晓机械设计原理、谙熟所用材料性能的技师和工人,单件生产,分散制作,产量低,成本高,“只有富翁才买得起汽车”。这在当时不能认为这种生产方式是不精益的。
The emergence of a production management approach is not only related to the development of social productivity and the economic system, but also related to the subjective way of thinking that develops with the development of social productivity. In a certain sense, the lean production method is the inevitable result of lean thinking. It is known that the automobile industry originated in the late 19th century. At that time, the automobile production was in the original state of single production, the organizational structure was extremely dispersed, and the design of the large ship and the manufacture of most parts of the automobile were carried out in various workshops. In this case, although people are also pursuing cheap cars, the lean thinking was limited at the time of science and technology and productivity, and only manual production management could be implemented. It should select technicians and workers who possess superb skills, understand the principles of mechanical design, and master the properties of materials used. They are produced in a single piece, manufactured in a decentralized manner, with low output and high cost. “Only wealthy people can afford cars.” At the time, this could not be considered as a lean practice.